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Series XI: Holy Father and Gloria, 1985-1991, inclusive

Scope and Content Note

The 43-minute documentary Holy Father and Gloria (El Santo Padre y la Gloria) was released in 1987 and captures the turbulence of Chile under the Pinochet dictatorship. It traces the story of Carmen Gloria Quintana and her 1987 journey back to Chile to see the Pope. In addition to footage of the Pope's visit and the ongoing protests the documentary includes interviews with Quintana and many others. Among the voices captured are those of elites, particularly young people, who supported the Pinochet government and felt the protests were unnecessary. Footage in this series includes shots of Quintana touring Chile, speeches by the Pope, interviews with Quintana and other Chileans, and historical footage contextualizing Chilean politics.

Historical/Biographical Note

Estela Bravo's 1987 film Holy Father and Gloria El Santo Padre y la Gloria won many awards including Best Documentary on Current Affairs at the San Francisco International Film Festival; Gold Plaque Award at the Chicago International Film Festival; and Best Documentary at the American Film Institute Global Village Festival in New York.

Carmen Gloria Quintana Arancibia (1968- ) is a Chilean woman who became a symbol of hope for democracy in Chile to many Chileans after she received an embrace and encouragement from Pope John Paul II in 1987. On July 2,1986, Quintana, along with a young photographer, Rodrigo Andres Rojas de Negri, were participating in a student protest in Santiago. They were attacked and beaten by a patrol of military police, soaked with gasoline, and set on fire. De Negri died of his burns. Gloria suffered second and third degree burns over 62% of her body; she was critically ill and was moved to a hospital in Canada. Although she survived, Gloria was badly disfigured from her burns. When the Pope visited Chile in 1987, she returned and was able to meet with the pontiff in Santiago.

El Santo Padre y la Gloria, 1987, inclusive

Box: 73, DVD: 10 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Scope and Content Note

This is a full-length version of the film Holy Father and Gloria. This film is in Spanish and contains subtitles in English.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Content of this DVD is born-digital. Advanced notice is required to access these materials.

Holy Father and Gloria, 1987, inclusive

reel: ref2158_01 (Material Type: Mixed Materials)
reel: ref2158_02 (Material Type: Mixed Materials)

Holy Father and Gloria, 1987, inclusive

reel: ref2165 (Material Type: Mixed Materials)

Extent

1 Reels

Holy Father and Gloria, 1987, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref961 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This documentary is in Spanish with subtitles in English.

Scope and Content Note

This video contains a complete version of the documentary Holy Father and Gloria. Video quality is poor at the beginning of the video.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 00:44:08.

Holy Father and Gloria, Spanish, 1991 January 14, inclusive

Box: 43, Cassette: ref960 (Material Type: video)

Holy Father and Gloria "Version 1 First Edit", 1987, inclusive

Box: 55, Cassette: ref1273 (Material Type: video)

"El Santo Padre y La Gloria 42 minutes (Español)", 1987, inclusive

Box: 61, Cassette: ref1365 (Material Type: video)

Quintana, Carmen Gloria: Arrival in Chile, 1987, inclusive

Box: 98, DVD: ref1361 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video predominantly features footage of Carmen Gloria Quintana arriving in Chile among crowds of supporters. It contains brief segments in which Quintana speaks with reporters and describes the medical treatment she received in Canada, and expresses her support of the Chilean youth movement. It contains footage of Quintana at rallies and a Catholic mass. The last 15 minutes feature Quintana and her supporters outside of a jail attempting to gain entry and meet with political prisoners.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 00:50:25.

Quintana, Carmen Gloria: Interview (Debryando Street), 1987 May 4, inclusive

Box: 95, DVD: ref809 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video features youth in Chile celebrating the return of Carmen Gloria Quintana, and a brief interview with Quintana. The first several minutes feature children drawing doves and other tributes to Quintana on the street. At minute 2:58 the video changes to an interview with Quintana. She discusses her hope of meeting with the Pope, and her surprise at the warm welcome she received upon her return. She says that she hopes to continue fighting and speaking out against the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, but acknowledges that protest is still very difficult. She also discusses a button featuring the Rodrigo Andres Rojas de Negri, who died when they were both attacked by members of the Chilean military and burned. She explains that she hopes to be a representative of Rojas's memory. At minute 10:56 the footage changes to Chilean youths discussing a mural of Quintana and Rojas, painted at the location where they were attacked. A young woman and young man speak with Bravo about the significance of Quintana and Rojas to the youth movement in Chile.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:20:27.

Footage: "Carmen, Rodrigo, Pope;" "Completo", 1987, inclusive

Box: 60, Cassette: ref1362 (Material Type: video)

Footage: "Funeral Rodrigo, Cemetery, Carmen Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 67, Cassette: ref1364 (Material Type: video)

Scope and Content Note

According to Estela Bravo, this video contains 13 minutes of footage of the funeral of Rodrigo Rojas, followed by brief footage of young people being arrested. It also contains pictures of Carmen Gloria before she was burned. Finally, there is footage of a young woman - Valesa - who left Chile with her family but was allowed to return later. This footage is from the film Returning to Chile.

Footage: Parque O'Higgins and Carmen Gloria, 1987, inclusive

Box: 67, Cassette: ref1366 (Material Type: video)

Scope and Content Note

According to Bravo, this video contains footage of the Pope speaking at Parque O'Higgins followed by Carmen Gloria in her home in Chile, with family and friends.

Historical/Biographical Note

Parque O'Higgins is a public park in the center of Santiago, Chile. Pope John Paul II (in his 1987 visit) led a beautification ceremony for Saint Teresa of the Andes. Because of the violence that broke out between the Chilean police force and crowds protesting Pinochet's dictatorship, the ceremony was suspended until the situation calmed.

Footage: O'Higgins Park, Santiago: Protests at Pope's Mass, 1987, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref837 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video begins with footage of violent clashes between the police and protestors at O'Higgins Park in Santiago, Chile where Pope John Paul II delivered Mass to a large crowd in 1987. The footage shows protestors building makeshift barriers and throwing objects while police try to disperse them. The footage focuses primarily on the crowd, and does not show the Pope speaking, although he can be heard through a loudspeaker. The video features several on-the-street interviews: one with a man opposed to the protests, one with a local journalist, and one with a young protester. The end of this video also features an interview with exiled Chilean Socialist leader Clodomiro Almeyda. In the interview Almeyda discusses why he chose to return to Chile during the Pope's visit to the country.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 01:02:33.

Footage: "Chile, Students, Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 98, DVD: ref1367 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Content Note

This video features interviews with three different groups of students in Chile. Estela Bravo asks the students, who are from middle and upper-class schools, about their opinions of Chilean President Augusto Pinochet, Pope John Paul II's visit, and the attack on Carmen Gloria Quintana. Students from the various groups express different opinions on these topics, and many of the students who come from upper-class households express their support of Pinochet. They argue that the people protesting his government are mistaken and supporters of terrorism. Several students express their admiration for Pinochet, and contend that he saved the country from communism. Other students express their dislike of Pinochet, and contend that the students who support him are uninformed and are not in a position to understand the political situation of the country.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 00:57:28.

Footage: Chilean Boy and the Police, 1987 March 4, inclusive

Box: 98, DVD: ref1373 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video begins with footage of a mother trying to talk to Chilean police about her son. She explains that she heard that her son, who was 9 years old at the time the footage was recorded, was injured by police after they chased him into a house. The woman attempts to find out what happened to her son and where he was taken, but the police do not give her any information. The video then focuses on the house where the boy was attacked. The family in the house explains that they police chased the boy, broke down their door, and hit the young boy in the head causing him to bleed significantly. Several of the children and adults in the house describe witnessing the event. They also talk about police treatment of the poor and substandard living conditions in their community.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:21:18.

Footage: "Pinochet greets Pope at the airport", 1987, inclusive

Box: 52, Cassette: ref1210 (Material Type: video)

Footage: Rojas Grave and Interview with son of Orlando Letelier, 1987, inclusive

Box: 95, DVD: ref810 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This interview is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video mostly features an interview with Juan Pablo Letelier. The first few seconds of the video contain footage of the grave of Chilean dissident Rodrigo Andres Rojas de Negri. It quickly changes to an interview with Letelier, which begins with a discussion about his early life and his father's assassination. He discusses leaving Chile when he was 3 years old, and returning to Chile later in life. He also talks about his involvement in leftist political movements in Chile and his participations in Chile's Socialist Youth. He discusses the significance of the visit of Pope John Paul II in 1987, and the 1989 general elections. Letelier talks at length about the political climate in Chile at the end of the 1980s discussing the country's transition to democracy and the influence of youth activism. The video quality is poor in many places.

Biographical note

Juan Pablo Letelier was the son of Orlando Letelier. Orlando Letelier was a Chilean diplomat under the government of Salvador Allende. He left Chile as a refugee of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet, and was assassinated by Pinochet's secret police in Washington D.C. in 1976.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:20:58.

Footage: College Stadium (the Pope speaking and Carmen Gloria in the audience) and Cemetery, 1987, inclusive

Box: 67, Cassette: ref1368 (Material Type: video)

Footage: Police Brutality, 1985 September 4, inclusive

Box: 67, Cassette: ref1369 (Material Type: video)

Footage: Carmen Gloria Quintana Complete Visit Jail, circa 1987, inclusive

Box: 98, DVD: ref1370 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video features footage of Carmen Gloria Quintana attempting to gain entry into a jail in Chile to meet with political prisoners. A spokesman for Quintana explains she is there to express her solidarity with prisoners. The bulk of the footage features a crowd waiting outside the jail hoping to gain entry. This video duplicates content contained on video ref1361.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:20:03.

Footage: "Carmen Gloria in victory", 1987, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref811 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video begins with brief footage of two Chilean youths at a mural memorializing the attack on Carmen Gloria Quintana and Rodrigo Rojas who were burned by Chilean military police in 1986. The video then changes to footage of Quintana arriving at a rally in her honor. Much of this footage features shots of the crowd gathered in anticipation of Quintana's arrival. At minute 13:00 Quintana addresses the crowd and describes her encounter with the military, in which she and Rojas were doused with gasoline and then lit on fire. At the time of her speech, she explains that it has been 10 months since the event and notes that she has been left badly disfigured and Rojas has died.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:21:09.

Footage: March Final Against Torture, 1987 February 4, inclusive

Box: 98, DVD: ref1371 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

The beginning of this video features an interview with a man and a woman in a church in Chile. They discuss their involvement in the resistance movement against the Pinochet government and the violence they have witnessed in the country. The interview focuses on the government's use of torture against citizens. The woman shares specific examples of torture used against Chilean citizens, discuss police interrogation methods, and describes the psychological effects of state-sponsored violence. At minute 12:00 the video features a demonstration against the government, and protestors can be seen clashing briefly with the police. Bravo interviews members of the crowd about why they are at the protest, and about their expectations for the upcoming 1987 visit of Pope John Paul II.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Betacam. Duration: 00:21:18.

National Stadium / Pope Compilation, 1987, inclusive

Box: 20, Cassette: ref550 (Material Type: video)

"Pope, Chile, Street, Carmen Gloria, Funeral Rodrigo," and Others, 1987, inclusive

Box: 60, Cassette: ref1363 (Material Type: video)

Carmen Gloria " Ernesto's Copy", 1987, inclusive

Box: 43, Cassette: ref841 (Material Type: video)

"2 Carmen Gloria Completa", 1987, inclusive

Box: 1, Betacam: ref253 (Material Type: video)

"El Santo Padre y la Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 19, U-matic: ref630 (Material Type: video)

"El Santo Padre y la Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 1, Betacam: ref684 (Material Type: video)

"TV Espanola Programa Editado - Pinochet - the Pope - Chile - Carmen Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 37, Cassette: ref719 (Material Type: video)

"Hotel Capri - press conference - Estela Bravo - Juan Vilar", circa 1987, inclusive

Box: 38, Cassette: ref720 (Material Type: video)

"Torture photos - Pinochet speech", circa 1987, inclusive

Box: 37, Cassette: ref726 (Material Type: video)

"Pepe Carrasco CNN Pinochet", circa 1986, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref802 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in English.

Scope and Contents

This video features an assortment of footage filmed in Chile around 1986. It begins with footage of protesters clashing with military police. It then changes to shots of newspaper headlines announcing the arrival of socialist politician Clodomiro Almeyda. At minute 9:29 the footage changes to edits of a CNN Atlanta news report on the political climate in Chile. The footage features several segments which focus on a failed national strike, the death of journalist José Carrasco, and the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. After the CNN report ends the video features additional raw footage of protests, funerals, government events, and a short speech by Pinochet denouncing communists in the country. The end of the video features footage of an impoverished community.

Historical/Biographical Note

Jose Humberto "Pepe" Carrasco Tapia (1943-1986) was a Chilean journalist opposed to the military dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet. He was assassinated on September 7, 1986.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 01:01:59.

"Carmen Gloria - Final Victory - Cemetery", 1987 May 4, inclusive

Box: 39, Cassette: ref803 (Material Type: video)

"Chile Carmen Gloria", 1987, inclusive

Box: 43, Cassette: ref836 (Material Type: video)

"Film festival - Homage to Estela Bravo for Holy Father and Gloria"(about Bravo), 1987, inclusive

Box: 37, Cassette: ref725 (Material Type: video)

"Photos - Carmen Gloria - the Pope speaks - Dibuyos (drawings)", 1987, inclusive

Box: 38, Cassette: ref723 (Material Type: video)

Carmen Gloria Quintana Arriving in Chile / Allemand, Maria Olga: Interview, 1987, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref721 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video begins with footage of Carmen Gloria Quintana arriving in Chile in 1987. She is greeted by crowds and speaks to reporters. At minute 5:00 the video changes to an interview with Chilean photographer Maria Olga Allemand. In the interview Allemand talks about being shot while photographing a demonstration. She describes the event, and the people who helped her immediately after she was shot. She discusses the support she received from her community and her desire to continue working as a photographer despite the risk of being injured again. The end of the video changes back to footage of Quintana, and features portion of a speech she delivered to a village in Chile.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 00:22:06.

"Carmen Gloria Bump", 1987, inclusive

Box: 97, DVD: ref833 (Material Type: Moving Images)

Language of Materials

This video is in Spanish.

Scope and Contents

This video contains various segments featuring Carmen Gloria Quintana in Chile. Segments include footage of Quintana speaking at rallies, traveling through crowds, attending mass, attempting to speak to political prisoners, and visiting the grave of her friend Rodrigo Rojas. The video also shows short clips of demonstrations on the streets of Chile and a speech by Pope John Paul II. Segments that appear on this tape are duplicated on other videos contained in this series.

Physical Characteristics and Technical Requirements

Original Format: Umatic. Duration: 00:39:13.

Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Labor Archives
Elmer Holmes Bobst Library
70 Washington Square South
2nd Floor
New York, NY 10012