View Inventory
Narrator 001, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 001 talks about the state jobs he had during his incarceration, including in industry and the mess hall, and how he budgeted his income along with the money his family sent him. He recounts his experience purchasing items from the commissary store, including his interactions with clerks, other incarcerated men, and how far $30 got him per commissary. His account sheds light on the cost of food items in prison relative to the wages that incarcerated individuals receive for their labor.
Biographical Note
Narrator 001 was in his early forties at the time of this interview. He had been released in 2018, after serving an 11 year sentence in New York State. Narrator 001 lived in Upstate New York and worked in the construction industry, while also pursuing his Bachelor's degree in professional studies.
Digital materials
Narrator 002, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 002 talks about the importance of food and commissary in prison not only for sustenance but also for maintaining relationships with other incarcerated men. He recounts his experience receiving packages from family members, gifting items to other incarcerated men, and exchanging cigarettes and stamps for items. His account sheds light on the social meaning and economic value of food items within the prison informal economy.
Biographical Note
Narrator 002 was released in the Fall of 2017, having served 11 years in New York State prisons. At the time of this interview Narrator 002 was in his early thirties and lived in the Bronx, New York. Having started his college education during his incarceration, Narrator 002 was now pursuing a Master's degree in American Studies.
Digital materials
Narrator 003, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 003 discusses how commissary works in prison, including the frequent delays, the particular items available for purchase, and the difficulty of surviving on commissary alone due to the high costs of shopping there. Narrator 003 describes how he tried to make use of packages from his mother to circumvent the restrictions on commissary purchases, and how he sought help from other family members and friends in order to avoid racking up debt inside prison. This interview sheds light on the financial difficulties of surviving in prison, the prevalence of debt, and the necessity of relying on family members for money and packages.
Biographical Note
Narrator 003 was born in Brooklyn, New York. He was 26 years old at the time of this interview. After being incarcerated for three years in his early thirties, Narrator 003 returned to New York where he started his own private transportation company, while also working as a motivational speaker and an advocate for the formerly incarcerated. Narrator 003 holds an Associate degree in liberal arts, which he completed during his incarceration, and said he intended to pursue his Bachelor's degree in the near future.
Digital materials
Narrator 004, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 004 describes how he had to rely on financial support from friends and family during his incarceration due to the high cost of commissary items and the low wages he earned through prison labor. He also recounts selling cigarettes and stamps in order to generate additional income in the prison informal economy. The interview sheds light on the functioning of the informal economy, including "inmate stores" and the drug trade, as well as the precarious conditions of life inside prison institutions.
Biographical Note
Narrator 004 was born and raised in New York City. He describes himself as a family man first. He was incarcerated for four years, and earned his Bachelor's degree shortly after his release. At the time this conversation was recorded, the narrator was pursuing a Master's degree and working as an educator and advocate with communities affected by mass incarceration in New York.
Digital materials
Narrator 006, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 006 talks about his job in the mess hall and how he generated a steady income through the prison informal economy to make up for the low wages he received for his labor inside prison. He recounts his experience cooking with other men to save money, receiving packages and money from his family, and taking on a "hustle." His account sheds light on the risks that incarcerated people take to acquire an adequate amount of food for their survival, and why they must do so.
Biographical Note
Narrator 006 was born in New York City; he served seven and a half years in various New York State correctional institutions. At the time of this interview, the narrator was in his early thirties and pursuing a Bachelor's degree majoring in American Studies.
Digital materials
Narrator 007, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 007 talks about the state jobs he had during his incarceration, including in the mess hall and commissary store. He explains why he saved the money that his family sent him instead of spending it within the formal and informal prison economies. His account sheds light on the fees that incarcerated people are responsible for including surcharges, and the necessity of financial foresight.
Biographical Note
Narrator 007 was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He completed his high school education and obtained an Associate degree in liberal arts while serving over a decade in New York prisons, before being released in 2019. Narrator 007 was in his late thirties at the time of this interview. He lived in the Bronx and worked as a personal trainer. He also hosted and produced his own podcast on incarceration and re-entry.
Digital materials
Narrator 010, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 010 discusses working in the mess hall during his incarceration and how the prison often cut back on portions and particular meals, which forced people to spend their money at the commissary store. He recounts price increases and product shortages at commissary, and talks about the help he received from his family, particularly his wife, in the form of money and packages. He explains that "side hustles" and participation in the prison informal economy are what help incarcerated people afford basic necessities, but that either could result in accrued debt and violent retaliation from other prisoners. This interview sheds light on the financial difficulty of surviving inside prison and how the informal economy is a lifeline to incarcerated individuals while also creating the potential for debt and violence.
Biographical Note
Narrator 010 was born and raised in New York City. In October 2019, after serving 15 years in New York State prisons, he moved back to the Bronx, working as a harm reduction specialist in the borough. He described his job as "saving lives, every day." He hoped to continue working in this field in the future, and at the time of the interview he was pursuing a Master's degree in Social Work.
Digital materials
Narrator 106, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 106 discusses the differences in commissary between Rikers Island and state prison. In prison, his jobs as a porter and mess hall cleaner paid very little, but he was able to rely on monetary support from loved ones. Narrator 106 explains that he participated in the informal economy and sold drugs while he was incarcerated to take the financial burden off of his family, suggesting that surviving in prison is reminiscent of hustling on the streets. Narrator 106 also talks about the restrictions set by the prison and how they limited him in terms of receiving packages and money for commissary from loved ones long-distance and during visits. This interview sheds light on the necessity of outside financial support, and how many incarcerated people turn to hustling and other illicit means to get by.
Biographical Note
Narrator 106 was in his mid-twenties at the time of this interview. He was born and raised in the Bronx, New York, where he returned in the winter of 2017, after serving three years in New York state prisons.
Digital materials
Narrator 108, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 108 talks about the jobs he had during his incarceration, including in optics and the mess hall. He recounts the financial and emotional support he received from family, partners, and childhood friends, and how he maintained those relationships while he was in prison. He explains that each of his loved ones covered a different expense, including the phone, commissary buys, and packages. Though he received help from the outside, he did want to take care of his needs largely on his own. His account sheds light on what it is like to do prison labor.
Biographical Note
Narrator 108 was born and raised in Brooklyn, New York. He was in his early thirties at the time of this interview. After serving a 13 years long sentence in New York State prisons, he was released in the early months of 2018. Since returning home, in Brooklyn, he works as a personal trainer and fitness instructor. He holds an Associate degree in liberal arts, which he completed while incarcerated.
Digital materials
Narrator 110, 2019
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 110 recounts his experience surviving in prison with irregular financial support from his family outside. He describes the food provided by the prison as insufficient and of extremely poor quality. To get some extra food, Narrator 110 had to carefully budget the little income he received through prison labor, and to rely on the solidarity of fellow prisoners.
Biographical Note
Narrator 110 was born and raised in Harlem, New York City. After spending 7 and a half years in New York State prisons, he was released in the spring of 2018. After returning home, he got married and moved with his wife and four children to Georgia. In Georgia Narrator 110, who was 49 at the time of this interview, worked at a local saw mill factory, while hoping to start his own business in the near future.
Digital materials
Narrator 112, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 112 talks about what it was like to be incarcerated and not being able to count on regular financial support from friends or family outside. He recounts experiencing constant hunger and other forms of extreme material deprivation during his incarceration. He also describes how he generated extra income in the prison informal economy to be able to purchase food and other essentials at commissary
Biographical Note
Narrator 112 was born at Manhattan Hospital, in New York City, in 1975. At the time of the interview (Fall 2020), he had been living in Brooklyn for about two years, since being released from prison after serving a 13 years sentence in New York State. Since returning home, Narrator 112 worked for a maintenance company, doing work at different locations across Brooklyn. He spent most of his free time writing and composing hip hop music, a passion he cultivated from the time he was a young kid.
Digital materials
Narrator 113, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 113 talks about how he made ends meet during his incarceration by engaging in the prison informal economy. He recounts how he had to take on several "hustles", such as gambling, selling mess hall food, and trading cigarettes, in order to generate extra income. His account sheds light on several features of the prison informal economy, including the currencies, debt and credit, and its link with the outside economy.
Biographical Note
Narrator 113 served nearly 20 years in New York State prisons, as well as five years of post release supervision. At the time of the interview, Narrator 113 was 50 years of age, and was employed as a supervisor at a 4 star hotel in New York City. He said that he hoped to start his own company in the health and wellness industry. He also planned to finish his college education, which he had started pursuing during his incarceration.
Digital materials
Narrator 114, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 114 discusses how he relied on his family to send him money in order to purchase items at the prison commissary, the initial delays he struggled with when it came to receiving his money, and that he did not know how commissary worked nor which essentials to buy. He explains that, although his jobs inside prison only paid cents per hour, he was able to benefit from certain perks in each role, including collecting and selling contraband. In addition, Narrator 114 sold tobacco and purchased drugs in the prison informal economy. This interview sheds light on the function of the informal economy inside prison, the importance of outside support, and the benefits of certain jobs.
Biographical Note
Narrator 114 was born and raised in Nassau County, New York. At the time of this interview he was in his late 30s. He had just graduated from college, and finished his time under parole. After his release in 2017, Narrator 114 got married, and moved with his wife to Upstate New York, where he enjoyed hiking, photography and working out.
Digital materials
Narrator 122, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 122 discusses how he had to budget, prioritize certain items at commissary buys, and would only purchase the cheap essentials that last a long time. He explains that incarcerated people have to rely on outside support systems, which often includes family members, because most of the food served at the mess hall is low quality and not enough to survive on. He recalls receiving food packages from his mother, which were meaningful to him because they are extremely expensive, time-consuming to put together, and strictly regulated by prisons. He also explains the importance of friendship inside prison in terms of sharing food items and splitting up tasks like cooking and cleaning. Narrator 122 describes how stamps and cigarettes function like currency in the informal economy and can be exchanged for snacks and other items. This interview sheds light on the necessity of outside support, the cost and bureaucracy that goes into receiving that support, and the purpose of the informal economy in filling gaps for people who do not have outside help.
Biographical Note
Narrator 122, who was born and raised in Staten Island, New York, was in his mid-thirties at the time of this interview. He had been released in January 2020, after serving over six years in New York State prisons. After coming home, Narrator 122 moved to New York, and was employed as a case-worker in a men's shelter in the city.
Digital materials
Narrator 123, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 123 talks about his jobs in mess halls, and how he operated an informal store of his own to make ends meet while he was incarcerated. He describes who purchased items from his store, how he expanded his inventory, and explains that running an informal store is one way that people like himself inside prison are able to secure enough food to eat. His account sheds light on the range of "hustles" within the prison informal economy.
Biographical Note
At the time of this interview, Narrator 123 was in his late thirties, and living with his fiancee in New York City. He had recently returned home after serving over a decade in New York state prisons. Narrator 123 described himself as a fitness enthusiast, who loves spending his free time reading comic books and fantasy publications.
Digital materials
Narrator 124, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 124 talks about the food items he purchased from the commissary store and what he purchased from the prison informal economy to save money. He recounts how selling magazines and Newports were his "hustles", which were necessary to supplement the money he received from his aunt and brother. His account sheds light on several features of the prison informal economy including the range of necessities sold like pots and pans, and what it is like to sell items within it.
Biographical Note
Narrator 124 was released from prison in 2017, after serving an 11-year sentence in New York State. In his early thirties at the time of this interview, he lived in Queens, New York, working as a personal trainer and fitness instructor, an expertise that he developed while incarcerated.
Digital materials
Narrator 127, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 127 talks about the prison informal economy and his state jobs in commissary stores and prison libraries, which together his livelihood depended on. He recalls that while he was working in the commissary store, he learned that the state makes a significant profit on sales. His account sheds light on the profits that prisons generate through price hikes on commissary items and wage stagnation.
Biographical Note
Narrator 127, who was in his early 60s at the time of this conversation, was released in the Fall of 2018, after serving 9 years of an 11-year sentence in New York State prisons. When we interviewed him, Narrator 127 was living in the Bronx, spending most of his time as a caretaker for his elderly mother.
Digital materials
Narrator 130, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 130 talks about the costs of eating, showering, and living in a prison cell. He describes the hygiene, food, and clothing items provided by the state and explains why they are insufficient. His account sheds light on the physical conditions inside prison including showers and cells, and the basic expenses that become the responsibility of incarcerated individuals or their loved ones.
Biographical Note
Narrator 130 was in his mid-thirties at the time of the interview. He was released in the Spring of 2017, after spending over nine years in New York State prison. After his release, he moved to Florida where he found employment as a municipal worker for a local town.
Digital materials
Narrator 132, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 132 discusses how he had to survive on the bare minimum while he was incarcerated due to a lack of funds. He purchased necessities at the commissary store with the little money he made from his state job. He got by, by exchanging food he took from the mess hall for stamps or cigarettes, which functioned as forms of currency, or for other food items he needed. Narrator 132 also went to "stores" or "jugglers" and racked up a small amount of debt in order to buy snacks and other items. He explains that many other people inside were struggling like him and could not afford to max out at commissary. This interview sheds light on the function of jobs inside prison in facilitating exchanges through the informal economy, which allow incarcerated people to scrape by.
Biographical Note
Narrator 132 was born and raised in the eastern towns of Long Island, New York. Growing up, he was an outgoing, adventurous, and very curious kid. Narrator 132 was incarcerated for 13 years, and started his educational journey in his twelfth year in prison. At the time of the interview, he was pursuing his B.A. and working as a multimedia artist and visual storyteller.
Digital materials
Narrator 134, 2021
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 134 explains that he did not struggle financially in prison thanks to support from his family members, friends, and girlfriends. They sent him packages with luxury items that were a mark of his status inside prison, as well as money for commissary. He describes the economic hierarchy inside prison, and how he would help out people in need, especially through his job as a porter and his gang membership. In addition, he leveraged his job as a porter to make extra money by selling illicit items within the prison and participated in the informal economy by gambling, reselling cigarettes, and selling drugs. This interview sheds light on how prisons are often segregated by status, social standing, ethnicity, and gang affiliation, as well as the ways specific jobs can facilitate trading through the informal economy.
Biographical Note
Narrator 134 was born and raised in New York City. He was released in the Spring of 2018, after serving 14 years in New York State prisons. At the time of this interview, Narrator 134 was in his mid-thirties, and lived in Queens, NY. He was studying to complete his B.A. degree, which he started while he was still incarcerated.
Digital materials
Narrator 223, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 223 talks about sending her son money and packages, and paying for phone calls while he was incarcerated. In addition, she explains why it was important for Narrator 123 and herself to financially support his daughter any way they could. However, it was not easy and she recalls finding a way to do so even when she was laid off from her job. Her account sheds light on the importance of showing incarcerated people that they are cared for and the financial hardship that families face.
Biographical Note
Narrator 223, who was in her mid-fifties at the time of this interview, was born and raised in the Bronx, New York. When we spoke to her she was still living in the Bronx, and was working towards completing her college degree. Formerly incarcerated herself, Narrator 223 supported her son (Narrator 123) for over a decade during his own incarceration.
Digital materials
Narrator 232, 2020
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 232 talks about her experience supporting her nephew, Narrator 132, who is like a son to her, during his incarceration and how she kept him motivated to continue his education inside prison. She describes how she used JPay to send him stamps and money for commissary, and her experience using the service to communicate with him. Her account sheds light on the expenses that households take on when a loved one is incarcerated, and the financial and emotional responsibilities so often shouldered by women.
Biographical Note
Narrator 232 is a single parent living in Long Island, New York, where she spent most of her life. She is the second oldest of three siblings. She and her siblings were adopted as children and brought to New York from Puerto Rico.
Digital materials
Narrator 325, 2021
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 325 discusses JPay and the predatory, profit-driven nature of their services, and the few lackluster JPay benefits promised to incarcerated people during the pandemic. He recalls how JPay's promotional benefits often did not work, were temporary, and that the benefits were minimal themselves. Delays, design flaws, and product breakdowns were frequent but incarcerated people had little recourse. This interview sheds light on the profit motive behind JPay's services and how incarcerated people are often taken advantage of financially by such corporations.
Biographical Note
Narrator 325, who was 69 years old at the time of this interview, was born in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia but moved to the Bronx with his family as a child. Before being incarcerated, Narrator 325 served in the US Marine Corps. He returned to the Bronx in 2021, after serving 35 years in New York prisons. Now, he plans to open a non-profit to train service dogs to support disabled veterans, first responders, and the elderly.
Digital materials
Narrator 326, 2021
Scope and Contents
In this interview, Narrator 326 discusses JPay and how the corporation took advantage of incarcerated people and their isolation during the pandemic. He recounts how the few promotional benefits they offered such as free stamps and messages encouraged more spending as incarcerated people had no other means of communicating with loved ones during lockdown. The lack of recreation, visitation, and mail all led to a dramatic increase in tablet usage for both communication and entertainment, thus increasing profits for JPay. This interview sheds light on the predatory, profit-driven nature of JPay's services and how incarcerated people are often taken advantage of financially by such corporations, particularly during a tumultuous time like the COVID-19 pandemic.
Biographical Note
Narrator 326 was in his mid-thirties at the time of this interview. Born in Brooklyn, New York, Narrator 326 lived in all the five boroughs, and in Westchester county. He returned to the Bronx in February 2021, after spending approximately 13 years in New York State prisons. When we met him, he was working as a porter cleaning buildings in the South Bronx and on construction sites. At the time, he said he was barely making ends meet and did not feel very optimistic that his financial situation would improve in the near future.
Digital materials
Student Researchers Interview, 2021
Scope and Contents
In the course of this group discussion, five members of NYU's Prison Education Program (PEP) reflect on their transition from prison inmates and students to their training as student researchers in the PEP Research Lab. They trade their experiences of life on the inside, debunking a variety of public myths about the welfare and treatment of those caught within the prison system. Discussing their post-carceral roles as students and researchers, they analyze the differences between the two, drawing particular attention to the social status accorded to researchers. Building on the independence and resources offered by PEP's Research Lab, they describe the initiatives they have taken to launch new paths of inquiry into carceral life and the financial and social burdens that continue to afflict formerly incarcerated on reentry.
Historical Note
Zachary Gillespie is an undergraduate student in NYU's Department of Social and Cultural Analysis, majoring in American Studies. He has been a member of the NYU Prison Education Program Research Lab. Derick McCarthy is a student in the Department of Social and Cultural Analysis at NYU, majoring in American Studies. He is a member of NYU's Prison Education Program Research Lab. Mychal Pagan is an emerging multimedia artist studying at NYU's Gallatin School of Individualized Study. He is a member of NYU's Prison Education Program Research Lab, and he looks forward to a future in media and communications. Aiyuba Thomas is a graduate student at NYU's Gallatin School of Individualized Studies, and a member of NYU's Prison Education Program Research Lab. His research and professional work are centered around the social and financial redevelopment of disenfranchised and marginalized communities, including those who have been impacted by the justice system. Vincent Thompson recently graduated from the Department of Social and Cultural Analysis at NYU with a major in American Studies. A member of NYU's Prison Education Program Research Lab, he started Stopping the Cycle, a non-profit organization that helps individuals avoid incarceration.